呵护眼睛 从小做起|Take care of your eyes Start small

凑近 Closer

看东西离得很近，看电视不自觉往前走，往往提示孩子视力变差。

Seeing things very closely, watching TV and unconsciously moving forward, often indicates that the child’s eyesight has deteriorated.

眯眼 Squint

长期眯眼会导致眼部肌肉疲劳，近视度数加深得更快。

Long-term squinting can lead to eye muscle fatigue and myopia progressing faster.

揉眼 Rub your eyes

近视的孩子因看东西模糊，眼睛疲劳，经常揉眼睛可能提示孩子视力下降。

Frequent eye rubbing may indicate vision loss in children with myopia due to blurred vision and eye fatigue.

眨眼 Blink

近视的孩子会经常揉眼睛，造成慢性结膜炎及角膜损伤。眼睛不舒服，孩子会频繁眨眼睛。

Children with myopia often rub their eyes, causing chronic conjunctivitis and corneal damage. The eyes are uncomfortable, and the child blinks frequently.

歪头或斜眼

Tilt your head or squint your eyes

排除斜视后，近视的孩子喜欢歪头或斜眼看东西，因为这样可以减少散射光，从而看得清楚一些。

After excluding strabismus, children with myopia like to tilt their heads or squint their eyes to see things because this reduces scattered light and allows them to see more clearly.

皱眉 Frown

皱眉可以造成眼睑及眼外肌的变化，改变眼球形态，从而看得清楚一些。

A frown can cause changes in the eyelids and extraocular muscles, changing the shape of the eyeball, allowing for better visibility.

经常拉扯眼角

Often tugging at the corners of the eyes

这样能减少光线的散射，并压平角膜，改变屈光力，让轻度近视视力暂时提高。但长期拉扯眼角，会造成散光。

This reduces the scattering of light and flattens the cornea, altering the refractive power and temporarily improving vision in mild myopia. However, long-term pulling of the corners of the eyes will cause astigmatism.

控制孩子使用电子产品时间

Control how much time your child spends using electronic devices

家长要有意识地控制孩子使用电子产品。非学习目的的电子产品使用单次不宜超过15分钟，每天累计不宜超过1小时；使用电子产品学习30-40分钟后，休息远眺放松10分钟。年龄越小，连续使用电子产品的时间应越短。

Parents should consciously control their children’s use of electronic devices. The use of electronic products for non-learning purposes should not exceed 15 minutes at a time, and the cumulative use should not exceed 1 hour per day; After 30-40 minutes of studying with electronic devices, take a break and relax for 10 minutes. The younger the age, the shorter the continuous use of electronics should be. 

多进行户外锻炼

Get plenty of outdoor exercise

家长平常应该多带孩子去郊外玩玩，锻炼身体，能放松孩子的身心，保护视力此外，充足的阳光照射可以预防近视。专家表示，儿童每天至少要在阳光下待3个小时，光照强度相当于炎夏的树荫中接收的光照。

Parents should usually take their children to the countryside to play and exercise, which can relax the child’s body and mind and protect their eyesight. Experts say children should spend at least three hours a day in the sun, with light intensity equivalent to that received in the shade of a tree in the heat of summer.

教导孩子拥有养成科学用眼习惯

Teach children to develop scientific eye habits

要求孩子保持姿势端正，养成看书时“一尺一寸一拳”的习惯，且时间不宜过长，每隔40—50分钟，应休息10—15分钟，闭眼或向远处眺望数分钟或做眼保健操，以防止眼睛过度疲劳。另外，不要躺着或者趴着看书。不要在动荡的车厢内、光线不好的地方看书。

Children are required to maintain a correct posture, develop the habit of “one foot, one inch and one punch” when reading, and the time should not be too long, every 40-50 minutes, should rest for 10-15 minutes, close eyes or look into the distance for a few minutes or do eye exercises, to prevent excessive eye fatigue. Also, don’t read a book lying down or lying on your stomach. Do not read in turbulent carriages or in poorly lit places.

保证充足睡眠

Get enough sleep

夜间是身体和眼睛休息放松的宝贵时间，充足的睡眠能够促进生长激素等重要激素的正常分泌，有利于身体和眼睛的健康生长发育。应避免孩子熬夜看书看剧，确保眼睛得到充足的休息。

Nighttime is a precious time for the body and eyes to rest and relax, and adequate sleep can promote the normal secretion of important hormones such as growth hormone, which is conducive to the healthy growth and development of the body and eyes. Children should be avoided from staying up late reading books and watching dramas to ensure that their eyes are well rested.

多吃对眼睛有益的食物

Eat more foods beneficial to eyes

日常饮食中应保持均衡饮食，教导孩子不挑食、不偏食，保证营养全面，多吃鱼肉、水果、蔬菜、豆制品、鸡蛋，少吃甜食、辛辣食物和饮料。维生素A是保持眼睛健康不可或缺的营养物质，胡萝卜、卷心菜、生菜都是摄入维生素A的好选择。

Maintain a balanced diet in your daily diet, teach your child not to be picky, to ensure comprehensive nutrition, eat more fish, fruits, vegetables, soy products, eggs, and eat less sweets, spicy foods and drinks. Vitamin A is an indispensable nutrient for maintaining eye health, and carrots, cabbage, and lettuce are all good choices for vitamin A intake.

定期检查视力

Have your vision checked regularly

儿童双眼视力3岁0.6、4岁0.8、5岁及以上1.0为基本正常。满三岁就应带他进行第一次视力检测，之后每年固定一至二次视力检查，以便及早发现问题，把握矫治的黄金时期。

Children’s binocular vision was 0.6 at 3 years old, 0.8 at 4 years old, and 1.0 at 5 years old and above. At the age of three, he should be taken for the first vision examination, and then fixed once or twice a year for vision examination, so as to detect problems early and grasp the golden period of correction.

坚持做眼保健操

Stick to eye exercises

眼保健操能很好的保护眼睛，尽量让孩子从小就养成做眼保健操的习惯，只要持之以恒，对保护视力大有裨益。

Eye exercises can protect the eyes well, try to let children develop the habit of doing eye exercises from an early age, as long as they are persistent, it will be of great benefit to protect their eyesight.

1.重视孩子眼睛的健康状况，和孩子们一起学习预防近视相关知识。

2.平时起到监督作用，合理安排孩子的作息。保障孩子睡眠时间，确保幼儿每天睡眠10个小时。

3.做到“二要”，“二不要”：

“二要”指孩子读书写字的姿势要端正，眼睛与书本的距离保持一尺左右；连续看书0.5—1小时要休息片刻或向远处眺望一会。

“二不要”是指不要在光线暗弱及直射阳光下看书写字；不要躺在床上或走路时和在动荡的车厢里看书。

     ☆3-4岁孩子连续看电视等不超过15分钟

     ☆4-5岁孩子不超过20分钟

     ☆5-6岁孩子不超过30分钟

家长陪伴孩子时应尽量减少使用电子产品，有意识地控制孩子特别是学龄前儿童使用电子产品。看电视距离一定要遵守保持3米左右。

4.多陪伴孩子参与体育锻炼，每天保证孩子2小时的运动时间，经常远眺，防止近视。

5. 幼儿园对孩子进行眼睛检查后，一定要关注检查结果，需要复查的请及时复查，及早治疗。定期检查眼睛的健康状况，发现问题及时到正规的医疗机构就诊，遵从医嘱。避免因不当干预错过预防有效时间节点，导致近视加深。

 1. Pay attention to the health of children’s eyes and learn about myopia prevention with children.

 2. Usually play a supervisory role and arrange the child’s work and rest reasonably. Ensure that your child gets 10 hours of sleep a day. 

 3. Do “two wants”, “two don’ts”:

“Two musts” means that the child’s posture of reading and writing should be correct, and the distance between the eyes and the book should be about one foot; Read a book for 0.5-1 hour continuously, take a break or look into the distance for a while.

“Two don’ts” means not to read and write in dim light and direct sunlight; Don’t read in bed or while walking and in turbulent carriages.

☆Children aged 3-4 years old should watch TV for no more than 15 minutes continuously

☆4-5 years old children should not exceed 20 minutes

☆No more than 30 minutes for children aged 5-6 years old

Parents should minimize the use of electronic devices when accompanying their children, and consciously control the use of electronic devices by their children, especially preschool children. The distance between watching TV must be observed, and it should be about 3 meters.

 4. Accompany children to participate in physical exercise, ensure that children have 2 hours of exercise time every day, and often look far away to prevent myopia.

 5. After the kindergarten conducts an eye examination on the child, you must pay attention to the results of the examination, and if you need to re-examine, please re-examine in time and treat it as soon as possible. Check the health of your eyes regularly, and if you find any problems, go to a regular medical institution for medical treatment in a timely manner, and follow the doctor’s instructions. Avoid missing the effective time node of prevention due to improper intervention, resulting in myopia progression.