日月如梭，
忽而辗转，
我们迎来了二十四节气中的第二十三个节气
As the sun and the moon flied around,
we welcome Minor cold,
the twenty third of the twenty four solar terms
元代昊澄撰写的《月令七十二候集解》中说：“十二月节，月初寒尚小，故云，月半则大矣。”是说小寒天渐寒，但还没有寒到极致，不过我们的防寒保暖措施可不能少。你知道小寒代表的寓意是什么？节气小寒代表什么意思吗？下面跟着老师一起去走进小寒吧。
Written by Haocheng in the Yuan Dynasty “Interpretation of the seventy-two monthly orders” Chinese theory: “On December Festival, the weather is not very cold at the beginning of the month, so the clouds grow big at the middle of the month.” It means that weather is getting colder, but it’s not the extreme cold yet. However, we must take some measures to prevent cold and keep warm. Do you know the moral of Minor cold?What does the term Minor cold mean? Now let’s learn about Minor cold with our teacher.
Minor Cold proverbs and poems
小寒大寒不下雪，小暑大暑田开裂。
小寒大寒，冷成冰团。
小寒不寒，清明泥潭。
小寒大寒寒得透，来年春天天暖和。
诗词
咏甘四气诗.小寒十二月节
唐.元稹
小寒连大吕，欢雀垒新巢。
拾食寻河曲，衔紫绕树梢。
霜鹰近北首，雊稚隐丛茅。
莫怪严凝切，春冬正月交。
这首诗的意思是指：严冬时节，诗人看到的却是欢快的鸟儿和美丽的冬景，千万别只抱怨天寒地冻，温暖的春天就在前方。
The meaning of this poem is: In the severe winter season, the poet sees happy birds and beautiful winter scenery. Don’t just complain about the cold weather. The warm spring is ahead.
On the day of Minor cold “Yanbei Township”, this “township” is the trend, the north flying geese has sensed Yang qi, is the forerunner.
Five days after the Minorcold, “birds start to nest”, and the magpies began to build new nests, ready to reproduce.
三候雉始雊
Five days later, “the pheasant begins to woo”. The pheasant, a yang bird, the pheasant is courtship a song, at this moment, the early awakened pheasant dove starts courtship, and early spring is approaching.
MinorCold climate change
俗语讲“小寒大寒，冻作一团”，小寒时节我国大部分地区都马上要进入最冷的时段，刮西北风，经常受西伯利亚寒流的影响，气温波动幅度较大。我国隆冬最冷的地区是黑龙江北部，最低气温可达零下40℃左右，天寒地冻，滴水成冰。南方地区最低气温在零下10℃左右，而华南南部地区则冬暖显著，基本都在0℃以上。
As the saying goes “Minor cold and Mild cold, frozen together”. In the season of Minor cold, most regions in China will enter the coldest period immediately. Northwest wind is often affected by Siberian cold current, the temperature fluctuation range is relatively large. The coldest place in the middle of winter is in northern Heilongjiang Province, where the lowest temperature can reach about minus 40℃. It is freezing and dripping water becomes ice. The lowest temperature in south China is about minus 10℃, while the southern part of South China is significantly warmer in winter, basically above 0℃.
Customs of Minor Cold solar term
吃腊八粥
Eat Laba porridge
腊八多在小寒大寒之间，过了腊八就意味着快要过年了。我国不少地方流行喝“腊八粥”，都说“腊八腊八，冻掉下巴”这么冷的天气里，喝上一碗热气腾腾的“腊八粥，暖心又暖胃。
The Laba Festival is between Minor cold and severe cold. After the Laba Festival, it means the New Year is coming. “Laba porridge” is popular in many parts of our country. It is said that “Laba porridge can freeze your chin”. In such cold weather, a bowl of steaming “Laba porridge can warm your heart and stomach.
Eat glutinous rice
小寒、大寒早上吃糯米饭驱寒是传统习俗，民间传统认为糯米比大米含糖量高，食用后全身感觉暖和，利于驱寒。中医理论认为糯米有补中益气之功效，在寒冷的冬季吃糯米饭最适宜。
It is a traditional custom to eat glutinous rice to drive away the cold in the morning of Minor Cold and Major Cold. The folk tradition believes that glutinous rice has higher sugar content than rice, and the whole body will feel warm after eating, which is conducive to driving away the cold. According to traditional Chinese medicine theory, glutinous rice has the effect of nourishing qi, and glutinous rice is best eaten in cold winter.
探梅
Plum
小寒腊梅已开，红梅含苞待放，挑选有梅花的绝佳风景地，细细赏玩，鼻中有孤雅幽香，神智也会为之清爽振奋。
Minor cold lamei has opened, red plum blossom is in bud, select the perfect scenery of plum blossom and enjoy a solitary and elegance fragrance.
冰戏
Ice play
我国北方各省，入冬以后，河面结冰厚实，冰上行走皆用爬犁，或用马拉或用狗牵。冰面特厚的地区，大多设有冰床，供行人玩耍，也有穿冰鞋在冰面上竞走的，古代称之为冰戏。
In the northern provinces of China, when winter comes, the rivers are frozen thick, and walking on the ice is done by plows, horses or dogs. In areas with extremely thick ice, most of them have ice beds for pedestrians to play on, and there are also people who race on the ice with skates, which is called ice play in ancient times.
The Twelfth lunar month is celebrated
“小寒”是腊月的节气，由于古人会在十二月份举行合祀众神的腊祭，因此把腊祭所在的十二月叫腊月。腊的木义是“接”，取新旧交接之意。腊祭为我国古代祭祀习俗之一，远在先秦时期就已形成。“腊祭”含意取其有三，一是表示不忘记自己及其家族的本源，表达对祖先的崇敬与怀念。二是祭百神，感谢他们一年来为农业所作出的贡献。三是人们终岁劳苦，此时农事己息，借此游乐一番。
Minor Cold is the solar term of the lunar month. Since the ancients would hold a wax festival to worship all the gods in December, the December where the wax festival was held is called the lunar month. The wooden meaning of wax is “receiving”, which means the handover between the old and the new. As one of the ancient sacrificial customs in China, the wax sacrificial ceremony was formed in the pre Qin period. There are three meanings of “wax sacrifice”. First, it means not forgetting the origin of oneself and his family, and expressing respect and remembrance for ancestors. The second is to sacrifice to hundreds of gods and thank them for their contribution to agriculture in the past year. Third, people work hard all the year round. At this time, farming has been stopped, so they can have fun
九九消寒，每日一笔
从元代开始，皇宫到民间都时兴“九九消寒图”，图上或是文字或是图案，但每个字（繁体字）都是九笔。每年冬至节前挂在室内，从头九第一天开始填起，逐日填廓，每天一笔。每填写完一字，便过一九，句成而九九八十一天尽。小寒节气正值三九严寒，所以“画图数九”的民俗与小寒节气有着密切联系。数九计数，书法描红，既能求得消寒，也算是冬日里一种不错的消遣怡情的养生方法。
Since the Yuan Dynasty, both the royal palace and the folk were popular with the “Nine-nine Eliminating Cold Picture”. The picture was either written or patterned, but each character (traditional Chinese) was composed of nine strokes. Every year before the winter solstice festival hung in the indoor, from the first day of the ninth day to fill, day by day, a pen every day. Every time you fill in a word, you will pass nineteen, and ninety-nine and eighty-one days. Minor Cold comes during the Third and ninth days of severe cold, so the folk custom of “drawing numbers of nine” is closely related to Minor Cold. Count nine, calligraphy tracing red, can not only get rid of cold, is also a good pastime in the winter of health.
Minor cold precautions
起居方面/Daily life
冬季睡眠的保证，对维持身体的健康是非常重要的。小寒时节更是如此，要做到避寒就应尽早入睡。小寒时期早睡可以养人体的阳气，晚起可以养身体的阴气，使身体内的阴阳平衡滋养脏腑，增加身体的强壮程度。
Winter sleep assurance, to maintain the health of the body is very important. Minor cold season is even more so, to avoid the cold we should go to sleep as early as possible. During minor Cold period, going to bed early can nourish the Yang qi of the body, and getting up late can nourish the Yin qi of the body, so as to balance the Yin and Yang of the body and nourish the zang-fu organs and increase the strength of the body.
睡觉前要注意颈部的保暖，尽量不要裸露在外，以免引发落枕。建议穿的睡衣，以轻薄保暖为主，这样能够帮助提高睡眠质量。此外，中午11点到下午1点之间，也需要进行午睡，这有利于身体在一天之中的平衡过渡，补充精力。午睡以半小时为宜，最好不要超过一个小时。
Before going to bed should pay attention to the neck warm, try not to expose, so as not to cause stiff neck. It is recommended to wear pajamas, light and warm, which can help improve the quality of sleep. In addition, between 11pm and 1pm, it is also necessary to take a nap, which helps the body to balance the transition and replenish energy throughout the day. Take a nap for half an hour, preferably no more than an hour.
饮食方面/Dietary aspect
小寒节气到来，饮食可选择温热性食物和富含钙、铁的食物。羊肉、牛肉、鸡肉、红枣等，这些食物中富含蛋白质及脂肪，产热量多，对于素体虚寒、阳气不足者尤其有益。
When Minor Cold comes, the diet can choose warm food and food rich in calcium and iron. Mutton, beef, chicken, red dates, etc., these foods are rich in protein and fat, and produce more calories. They are especially beneficial for the deficiency of cold and Yang Qi.
含蛋白质高的有鱼虾、蛋、牛奶、豆腐、巧克力等。含钙的食物主要包括牛奶、豆制品、海带、紫菜、虾等；含铁的食物则主要为动物血、蛋黄、猪肝、黄豆、芝麻、黑木耳等。此外，还可以适量进食辛辣品，不仅可以增进食欲，还能促进血液循环，提高御寒能力。
There are fish and shrimp, eggs, milk, tofu, chocolate, etc. with high protein content. Food containing calcium mainly includes milk, bean products, kelp, laver, shrimp, etc; the food containing iron is mainly animal blood, egg yolk, pig liver, soybean, sesame, black fungus, etc. In addition, you can also eat spicy food in an appropriate amount, which can not only improve appetite, but also promote blood circulation and improve cold resistance.
运动方面/Exercise
很多人都有早上锻炼习惯，天太冷最好把锻炼身体安排在下午，因为心血管病的发病高峰一般是在一天中交感神经活动最强的一段时间，集中在上午6时至12时。特别是冬季雪天寒冷的气候会刺激交感神经兴奋，诱发血管痉挛、收缩，容易出现急性心肌梗死、心律失常、心源性猝死所致的心脏急症。
Many people have the habit of exercising in the morning. If it is too cold, it is better to arrange exercise in the afternoon, because the peak of cardiovascular disease is generally in the day when the sympathetic nerve activity is strongest, concentrated in the morning from 6 to 12. In particular, the cold weather in winter snow will stimulate the sympathetic nerve; induce vasospasm, contraction, prone to acute myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, cardiac sudden death caused by cardiac emergencies.
小寒，岁已寒梅花绽。
赏一季花，煮一壶茶，
问一句安，
愿大家心中有暖，
岁月不寒！
Minor cold,
it’s a period of the plum blossom.
Enjoy a season of flowers,
make a pot of tea,
and smile.
We hope everyone will feel
warm in their hearts,
and the coming New year will not be cold!
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