“小孩小孩你别馋，过了腊八就是年”。
在孩子们欢快的童谣中，我们迎来腊月的第一个传统节日——腊八节。
The origin of Laba Festival
农历十二月也叫腊月，腊月初八就是我国传统的“腊八节”，又称为“法宝节”、“佛成道节”、“成道会”等。在古代，“腊”字有三层含义:“腊者，接也”，寓意新旧交替；“腊者同猎”，指奉上猎物祭祖敬神；“腊者，逐疫迎春”，则寓意攘除灾祸，迎接新春。
相传明朝开国皇帝朱元璋，在当皇帝之前，饥饿难耐，将乞讨来的各色米豆混在一起合煮一锅粥食用，民间认为食用这种粥可以带来好运，所以演变成俗，于是皇帝朱元璋就将吃粥的腊月初八这一天定为了“腊八节”。
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The customs of Laba Festival
俗话说，“过了腊八就是年”，腊八向人们传递着进入“年关”的信号，预示着春节的来临。从腊八开始，人们就要为春节做准备了，例如打扫房子、祭灶、写春联、赶年集、买年画、备年货等工作，样样都不落下。腊八节有那些民间习俗呢？
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腊八粥，又称“七宝五味粥”、“佛粥”、“大家饭”等，是一种由多样食材熬制而成的粥。不同地区的腊八粥用料虽有不同，但基本上都包括大米、小米、糯米、高粱米、紫米、薏米等谷类，黄豆、红豆、绿豆、芸豆、豇豆等豆类，红枣、花生、莲子、枸杞子、栗子、核桃仁、杏仁、桂圆、葡萄干、白果等干果。
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腊八粥选料繁多，很多食材也都被人们赋予了美好寓意，如桂圆象征富贵团圆，百合象征诸事和睦，栗子象征大吉大利等。五谷熬制的腊八粥既是人们对当年丰收的庆贺，也寄托了来年吉祥如意的美好愿望。
Laba porridge has a variety of ingredients to choose from, and many ingredients have been given good meanings, such as longan symbolizing rich reunion, lily symbolizing harmony, and chestnut symbolizing good luck. Laba porridge boiled with grain is not only a celebration of the harvest of that year, but also a good wish for the coming year.
泡腊八蒜是一道主要流行于华北地区的传统小吃，是腊八节的节日食俗，其材料就是醋和大蒜。
腊八蒜的做法极其简单，就是将剥了皮的蒜瓣，放到一个可以密封的罐子之类的容器里面，倒入醋，封上口后，放到一个冷的地方。慢慢地，泡在醋中的蒜就会变得通体碧绿的，如同翡翠碧玉。
Pickled Laba garlic is a traditional snack mainly popular in North China. It is a festival custom of Laba Festival. Its ingredients are vinegar and garlic.
The cooking recipe of pickled Laba garlic is extremely simple: it is to put the peeled garlic cloves into a container such as a sealed jar, pour in vinegar, seal it, and put it in a cold place. Slowly, the garlic soaked in vinegar will become green, like emerald jasper.
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腊八豆腐是安徽黟县地区的民间传统小吃之一，是腊八节的节日食俗。
腊八豆腐的制作方法是先用上等小黄豆做成豆腐，切成圆形或方形的块状，然后抹上盐水，在上部中间挖一小洞，放入适量食盐，置冬日温和的太阳下慢慢烤晒，使盐分逐渐吸入，水分逐渐晒干，即成腊八豆腐。腊八豆腐制成后，色泽黄润如玉，入口松软，味咸带甜，又香又鲜。如在晒制时加入虾米等配料，其味更鲜。
Laba tofu is one of the traditional snacks in Yi County, Anhui Province. It is one of Laba Festival customs.
The method of making Laba tofu is to make tofu with high-quality small soybeans, cut them into round or square pieces, then apply salt water, dig a small hole in the middle of the upper part, add an appropriate amount of salt, and slowly bake it in the mild winter sun, so that the salt is gradually inhaled, and the water gradually dried, it becomes Laba tofu. After Laba tofu is made, the color is as yellow and moist as jade, soft in the mouth, salty and sweet, fragrant and fresh. If you add shrimp and other ingredients when drying, the taste will be fresher.
腊八豆腐平时用草绳悬挂在通风处晾着，吃时摘取，一般可晾放三个月不变质、不变味，它可生吃、炖、炒。招待贵宾时，黟县人还会将其雕刻成动物、花卉等造型，浇上麻油，拌上葱姜蒜等佐料，配成冷盘，成为酒宴上的一道佳肴。
Laba tofu is usually hung on a straw rope in a ventilated place and picked up when eating. Generally, it can be dried for three months without changing the texture and taste. It can be eaten raw, stewed and stir-fried. When entertaining distinguished guests, Yixian people will also carve them into animals, flowers and other shapes, pour sesame oil, mix them with green onion, ginger, garlic and other seasonings, and make them into cold dishes, which will become a delicacy at the banquet.
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在中国北方，有一些不产或少产大米的地方，那里的人们在腊八节就不吃腊八粥，而是吃腊八面。腊八面，即腊八节的节令食品，是流行于陕西关中地区的地方传统面食，每年的农历腊月初八早上，家家户户都要吃碗腊八面。
In northern China, there are some places that do not produce or produce less rice. People there do not eat Laba porridge on Laba Festival, but they eat Laba noodles. Laba noodles, the seasonal food of Laba Festival, is a local traditional pasta popular in Guanzhong, Shaanxi Province. Every year on the morning of the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, every family eats a bowl of Laba noodles.
腊八面以面和各种豆类（红豆为主）为原料，面需做成韭叶面（韭菜叶的宽度相等的面条）备用。红豆需提前泡一晚，以便腊八节这天用来熬汤。
Laba noodles are made from various beans (mainly red beans), and they need to be made into leek leaves (noodles with equal width of leek leaves) for later use. Red beans must be soaked for one night in advance so that they can be used to make soup on Laba Festival.
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在腊八这天用醋泡大蒜的习俗，名为腊八醋。腊八腌制的醋，听说能经久不坏，用来蘸饺子，拌凉菜都很美味。大年初一吃素饺子，取一年素素净净、顺顺当当之意，蘸腊八醋吃，则更能突出素饺子的香甜滋味。
The custom of soaking garlic in vinegar on Laba is called Laba vinegar. Laba’s pickled vinegar can last for a long time. It is delicious to dip dumplings and mix cold dishes. Eating vegetarian dumplings on the first day of the Chinese New Year means that it is clean and smooth for a year. If you eat it with Laba vinegar, you can highlight the sweet taste of dumplings.
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Laba Festival food
腊八节这一天，各地的食俗各不相同，如华北地区喜爱腊八蒜配饺子，陕西爱吃腊八面，安徽皖南的腊八豆腐也很独特美味。下面我们来看看这些美食的做法，在腊八节这天与孩子们一起品尝美味吧！
On the day of Laba Festival, the food customs vary from place to place. For example, North China likes Laba garlic with dumplings, Shaanxi loves Laba noodles, and Laba tofu in southern Anhui is also unique and delicious. Let’s take a look at how to make these delicacies. Let’s taste the delicious food with the children on Laba Day!
一到腊月初八，过年的气氛一天赛过一天，北方地区在腊月初八这天有用醋泡蒜的习俗，叫腊八蒜，其材料就是醋和大蒜瓣儿。
主要食材：
大蒜、盐、糖、米醋。
制作步骤：
1.将蒜剥皮切除根部，加入盐拌匀放入瓶中。
2.米醋小火煮开倒入瓶中，封口浸泡即可。
From the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, the atmosphere of the New Year is matched day by day. In the northern region, the custom of soaking garlic in vinegar on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month is called Laba garlic, which is made of vinegar and garlic cloves.
Main ingredients:
Garlic, salt, sugar, rice vinegar.
Cooking recipe:
1. Peel the garlic and remove the root, add salt and mix well and put it in the bottle.
2. Boil the rice vinegar over low heat, pour it into the bottle, and soak it in the mouth.
腊八粥，又称“七宝五味粥”、“佛粥”、“大家饭”等，是一种由多样食材熬制而成的粥。下面就让我们来学习如何制作美味的腊八粥吧！
主要食材：
红豆、绿豆、莲子、糯米、黑米、花生、红枣、冰糖、清水。
制作步骤：
1.将豆类清洗干净，浸泡4小时。
2.开水下锅煮糯米和豆类，最后倒入花生和红枣，水开后转小火30分钟。
3.搅拌均匀并加入冰糖即可。
Laba porridge, also known as “Seven Treasures and Five Flavors Porridge”, “Buddha Porridge”, “Everyone’s Rice”, etc., is a kind of porridge made from a variety of ingredients. Let’s learn how to make delicious Laba porridge!
Main ingredients:
Red beans, mung beans, lotus seeds, glutinous rice, black rice, peanuts, sugar, water.
Cooking recipe:
1. Clean the beans and soak them for 4 hours.
2. Boil glutinous rice and beans in a pot, and finally pour in peanuts and red dates. After the water boils, turn to low heat for 30 minutes.
3. Stir well and add sugar.
每个节日的习俗都会给我们表达爱与关心的机会。腊八节收八方喜气，集八方瑞气，纳八方贵气，搜八方福气。在活动中，孩子们收获的不仅是对传统节日的认知，更是在自主探究中思考、体验，潜移默化中浸润着中华传统文化的博大精深，使中国的传统文化和传统美德在孩子们身上不断地传承下去。
The customs of each festival will give us the opportunity to express our love and concern. On the Laba Festival, collect the happiness of all directions, collect the favourable spirit of all directions, accept the noble spirit of all directions, and look for the blessings of all directions. In all festival activities, children not only gain the knowledge of traditional festivals, but also experience through independent research, and dive onto the breadth and depth of Chinese traditional culture, so that Chinese traditional culture and traditional virtues can be continuously passed to the young generation.
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