《月令七十二候集解》曰：“暑，热也，就热之中分为大小，月初为小，月中为大，今则热气犹大也。”
According to the “Explanation of the Seventy-two Marquis of the Moon”：Heat can be divided into different catagories according to the its intensity. At the beginning of the month, it is light, at the middle of the month, it increases, and now it is very hot.
7月23日我们即将迎来今年的大暑节气，也就是一年中最热的日子。这是夏季的最后一个节气，正值中伏前后，气温达到全年中之最，高温酷热、雷暴频繁，雨量充沛，是万物狂长的时节。
让我们一起在蝉声四起的盛夏，探索专属于大暑的时节奥秘吧！
On July 23rd, we are about to enter this year’s heatwave season, which is the hottest day of the year. This is the last solar term of summer, around mid summer, with temperatures reaching their highest throughout the year. It is a season of intense heat, frequent thunderstorms, and abundant rainfall, making it a time for all things to grow wildly.
Let’s explore the mysteries of the season that belongs exclusively to the Great Heat in the midsummer of cicadas!
关于大暑|About heatstroke
大暑是一年中最热的时节，也是农作物生长最快，各地旱、涝、风灾最为频繁，抢收抢种，抗旱排涝等农业活动较为繁重的时节。尽管如此，中国人还是不忘在每年的这个日子里，忙里偷闲，举行各种民俗活动，在火热的夏季中寄寓对生活的美好希望。
Heat stroke is the hottest season of the year, and it is also the fastest growing season for crops. Droughts, floods, and wind disasters are the most frequent in various regions, and agricultural activities such as rush harvest and planting, drought resistance and drainage are relatively heavy. Nevertheless, Chinese people still do not forget to take time off from their busy schedules and hold various folk activities on this day every year, hoping for a better life in the scorching summer.
First When the rotten grass turns to shine
世上萤火虫约有二千多种， 有水生和陆生两种，陆生的萤火虫产卵于枯草上，大暑时节孵化而出，古人认为萤火虫是由腐草变成的。
There are about two thousand types of fireflies in the world, including aquatic and terrestrial ones. Terrestrial fireflies lay their eggs on dry grass and hatch during the hot summer season. The ancients believed that fireflies were transformed from decaying grass.
Second season soil moistening heat
天气闷热，土地潮湿，空气快能挤出水来了!
The weather is sultry, the land is damp, and the air is about to squeeze out water!
Third When it rains heavily
大的雷雨天气频繁出现，大雨又使暑湿减弱，天气开始要向立秋过度了，有清凉祛暑的作用。
Heavy thunderstorms frequently occur, and heavy rain weakens the heat and dampness. The weather is beginning to transition towards the beginning of autumn, which has a cooling and heat relieving effect.
大暑热不透，大热在秋后。
大暑不暑，五谷不鼓。
小暑不见日头，大暑晒开石头。
小暑大暑不热，小寒大寒不冷。
大暑无酷热，五谷多不结。
大暑连天阴，遍地出黄金。
大暑大雨，百日见霜。
大暑小暑，淹死老鼠。
大暑展秋风，秋后热到狂。
小暑吃黍，大暑吃谷。
小暑怕东风，大暑怕红霞。
小暑大暑，有米不愿回家煮。
The scorching heat is impermeable, especially after autumn.
Great heat does not cause heat, and grains do not bulge.
A little heat without the sun, a great heat without the stones.
Small heat and large heat are not hot, and small cold and large cold are not cold.
There is no scorching heat in a hot summer, and there are many grains that do not gather.
The scorching heat keeps the sky overcast, and gold is everywhere.
Great heat and heavy rain bring frost in a hundred days.
Big and small heatstrokes, drowning mice.
The scorching summer brings out the autumn breeze, and after autumn, it becomes extremely hot.
Eating millet in a small summer, eating grain in a big summer.
A small summer is afraid of the east wind, and a big summer is afraid of the red glow.
Little heat, big heat, unwilling to go home and cook some rice.
饮伏茶
Drinking Fucha
伏茶，顾名思义，是三伏天喝的茶。这种由金银花、夏枯草、甘草等十多味中草药煮成的茶水，有清凉祛暑的作用。古时候，很多地方的农村都有个习俗，就是村里人会在村口的凉亭里放些茶水，免费给来往路人喝。每个凉亭里都有专人全天煮茶，保证供应。
Fucha, as the name suggests, is tea that is consumed during the three dog days. This kind of tea is made of more than ten Chinese herbal medicines, such as honeysuckle, Prunella vulgaris vulgaris and liquorice. It has the function of cooling and relieving the heat. In ancient times, there was a custom in many rural areas, where villagers would put some tea in the pavilion at the entrance of the village and give it to passersby for free. Each pavilion has a dedicated person who cooks tea all day to ensure supply.
吃仙草
Eating Xiancao
广东很多地方在大暑时节有“吃仙草”的习俗。仙草又名凉粉草、仙人草，唇形科仙草属草本植物，是重要的药食两用植物资源。由于其神奇的消暑功效，被誉为“仙草”。茎叶晒干后可以做成烧仙草，广东一带叫凉粉，是一种消暑的甜品。
Many places in Guangdong have the custom of “eating immortal grass” during the hot summer season. Fairy grass, also known as Herba Jelly and Herba Immortalis, is an important medicinal and edible plant resource of Platostoma in Lamiaceae. Due to its magical heat relieving effect, it is known as the “fairy grass”. After the stems and leaves are dried, they can be made into Grass jelly, called jelly in Guangdong, which is a dessert for relieving the heat.
暑月游船
Summer Moon Cruise
大暑时期，古人绝不是独守在家里，做“宅男”“宅女”，相反，倒把这样的酷暑时节当节日来过。“暑月游船”是当时的民俗之一。旧时每至六月，士女云集。纷纷出门游船。
During the Great Heat, the ancients never stayed at home alone and became “otaku men” or “otaku women”. On the contrary, they celebrated such scorching heat as a holiday. The “Summer Moon Cruise” was one of the customs at that time. In the old days, ladies and gentlemen gathered every June. Going out on a cruise ship one after another.
夏季的饮食调养是以暑天的气候特点为基础，由于夏令气候炎热，易伤津耗气。因此常可选用药粥滋补身体。《黄帝内经》有“药以去之，食以随之”，“谷肉果菜，食养尽之”的论点。
度苦夏，除了要劳逸结合、保证充足睡眠，多喝水外，更要格外注意饮食调理。具体而言，应注意以下几点。
Summer dietary regulation is based on the climate characteristics of hot days. Due to the hot summer climate, it is easy to harm the body and consume qi. Therefore, you can often choose medical porridge to nourish your body. In the Huangdi Neijing, there are arguments that “medicine goes with it, food follows it”, and “food, meat, fruits, vegetables, and food are used up”.
During the bitter summer, in addition to combining work and rest, ensuring sufficient sleep, and drinking plenty of water, it is also important to pay extra attention to dietary regulation. Specifically, the following points should be noted.
Eat more bitter foods
苦味食物不仅清热，还能解热祛暑、消除疲劳。所以，大暑时节，适当吃点苦瓜、苦菜、苦荞麦等苦味食物，可健脾开胃、增进食欲，不仅让湿热之邪对您敬而远之，还可预防中暑，可谓一举两得。此外，苦味食物还可使人产生醒脑、轻松的感觉，有利于人们在炎热的夏天恢复精力和体力，减轻或消除全身乏力、精神萎靡等不适。
Bitter food not only clears heat, but also relieves heat, heatstroke, and fatigue. Therefore, in the summer, eating bitter food such as bitter gourd, bitter vegetable and Fagopyrum tataricum properly can strengthen the spleen, stimulate the appetite, not only keep away the evil of damp and heat, but also prevent heatstroke, which can kill two birds with one stone. In addition, bitter foods can also create a refreshing and relaxed feeling, which is beneficial for people to recover energy and physical strength in hot summers, reduce or eliminate discomfort such as general fatigue and mental fatigue.
Increase heat clearing and heat relieving effects
健脾利湿食物的摄入。绿豆汤是我国民间传统的解暑食物，除了脾胃虚寒及体质虚弱者均可放心食用。此外，像荷叶、西瓜、莲子、冬瓜等也具有很好的清热解暑作用。扁豆、薏仁具有很好的健脾作用，是脾虚患者的夏日食疗佳品。
The intake of nourishing spleen and promoting dampness foods. Thua khiao tom namtan is a traditional folk food for relieving summer heat in China, which can be eaten safely except for those with spleen and stomach deficiency and weak constitution. In addition, lotus leaves, watermelons, lotus seeds, winter melon, etc. also have good heat clearing and heat relieving effects. Lentils and Job’s tears have excellent spleen tonifying effects and are excellent summer dietary therapies for patients with spleen deficiency.
Foods that replenish qi and nourish yin are indispensable
大暑天气酷热，出汗较多，容易耗气伤阴，此时，人们常常是“无病三分虚”。因此，除了及时补水，还应常吃一些益气养阴且清淡的食物以增强体质。如山药、大枣、海参、鸡蛋、牛奶、蜂蜜、莲藕、木耳、豆浆、百合粥、菊花粥等。
During the scorching heat of the summer, people sweat a lot and are prone to consuming qi and damaging yin. At this time, people often experience “three point deficiency without illness”. Therefore, in addition to timely hydration, it is also important to eat some light and nourishing foods to enhance one’s physical fitness. Such as yam, jujube, sea cucumber, egg, milk, honey, lotus root, agaric, soybean milk, lily Congee, chrysanthemum Congee, etc.
Precautions for Exercise during the Great Heat Term
1.穿着棉质服装。
Wear cotton clothing.
2.晨练不宜过早。
Morning exercise should not be done too early.
3.避免阳光直射。
Avoid direct sunlight.
4.控制运动强度。
Control exercise intensity.
5.及时适量补水。
Timely and appropriately replenish water.
6.别用冷饮降温。
Don’t use cold drinks to cool down.
7.不要立即冲凉。
Do not take a shower immediately.
虽然大暑时节如此炎热，但农业生产却依然不能停辍，大暑时节是农民一年之中抢收抢种、田间管理最为紧张、最为辛苦的时期。唐诗《悯农》“锄禾日当午，汗滴禾下土，谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦”就描绘了炎夏烈日之下劳动人民在田间劳作的辛苦场景。因此，当下的我们更应该珍视并教育孩子们牢记“一粥一饭，当思来之不易；半丝半缕，恒念物力维艰”的古训格言，勤俭节约，爱惜粮食。
Despite the scorching heat of the summer season, agricultural production still cannot be stopped. The summer season is the most tense and arduous period for farmers to rush to harvest and seed, as well as for field management. The Tang poem “Compassion for the Farmers” depicts the laborious scene of laboring people working in the fields under the scorching summer sun, with the words “On the midday of hoeing the grain, sweat drips down the soil. Who knows, the food on the plate is hard. Therefore, we should cherish and teach children to remember the old adage “One Congee and one meal, one must think hard; half must think hard, and the material resources are hard to find”, to be diligent and thrifty, and to cherish food.
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