夏至是二十四节气中最早被确定的一个节气。
公元前七世纪，先人采用土圭测日影，是一种在正午之时会出现“立杆无影”的有趣现象，就确定了夏至。
The summer solstice is the earliest confirmed solar term among the 24 solar terms.
In the seventh century BC, ancestors used the Tugui method to measure the sun’s shadow, which is an interesting phenomenon that occurs at noon when there is no shadow on the pole, thus determining the summer solstice.
The Origin of the Summer Solstice Solar Terms
夏至在古代是一个非常重要的节日，人们会在这一天举行各种祭祀活动，祈求丰收和平安。周朝建立以后，周公派专家拿着一根八尺长的土圭去测全国的中心，把一年中正午太阳照射土圭影子最长的这天定为冬至，最短的这一天定为夏至。
The summer solstice was a very important festival in ancient times, where people held various sacrificial activities to pray for a bountiful harvest and peace. After the establishment of the Zhou Dynasty, the Duke of Zhou sent experts to measure the center of the country with an eight foot long earthen mound. The day when the sun shone the longest shadow on the mound at noon of the year was designated as the winter solstice, and the shortest day was designated as the summer solstice.
在我国，夏至是每年公历的6月20日、21日或者22日，“夏至”的到来标志着炎热夏天的开始。中国民间把夏至后的15天分成“3时”，一般为头时3天，中时5天，末时7天。这期间里我国大部分地区气温较高，日照充足，作物和农田杂草一样生长都很快，与作物一起争水争阳光，生理和生态需水均较多。此时的降水对农业产量影响很大，有这“夏至不锄根边草，如同养下毒蛇咬”“夏至雨点值千金”之说。夏至日那天，整个地球上除南极点和南极圈内的极夜地区外，所有地点的日出方向都是从东北方开始的，在西北方落下。
In China, the summer solstice falls on June 20th, 21st, or 22nd of the Gregorian calendar, marking the beginning of hot summer. Chinese folk divide the 15 days after the summer solstice into “3 hours”, generally consisting of the first 3 days, the middle 5 days, and the last 7 days. During this period, most areas of China had high temperatures and sufficient sunlight. Crops, like weeds in farmland, grew rapidly, competing for water and sunlight with crops. Both physiological and ecological water requirements were high. The precipitation at this time has a significant impact on agricultural production. There is a saying that “not hoeing roots and grass during the summer solstice is like raising poisonous snakes to bite” and “the summer solstice raindrops are worth a thousand gold”. On the day of the summer solstice, the sunrise direction of all places on the earth starts from the northeast and sets in the northwest except the Antarctic Point and the polar night area in the Antarctic Circle.
夏至既是二十四节气之一，也是古时民间“四时八节”中的一个节日，自古就有在夏至拜神祭祖之俗。“天地者，生之本也；先祖者，类之本也。”天地是生命的根本，祖先是人类的根本，祭祖是一种传承孝道的习俗。此外，民间还有夏至“消夏避伏”、“清补”等习俗。那么，关于夏至你知道多少有趣的习俗呢？
The summer solstice is not only one of the 24 solar terms, but also a festival in the ancient folk “four seasons and eight festivals”. Since ancient times, there has been a custom of worshipping gods and ancestors during the summer solstice. Heaven and earth are the foundation of life; ancestors are the foundation of class. Heaven and earth are the foundation of life, ancestors are the foundation of humanity, and ancestor worship is a custom of inheriting filial piety. In addition, there are also customs among the people such as the summer solstice, such as “eliminating summer and avoiding summer”, and “clearing and replenishing”. So, how many interesting customs do you know about the summer solstice?
Customs of the Summer Solstice Solar Terms
夏至是观赏莲花的最好时节，民间把6月24日作为荷花的生日，早在宋代就有“观莲”节了。荷花亭亭玉立，集花、叶、香三美于一身，成为历代文人墨客歌咏的对象；“清水出芙蓉，天然去雕饰”，“接天莲叶无穷碧，映日荷花别样红”的经典诗句，描绘了荷花的风姿神韵；“出淤泥而不染，濯清涟而不妖”，更表现了荷花，圣洁无瑕的气质，也是人们追求的理想人格。
The summer solstice is the best time to watch lotus flowers, and June 24th is regarded as the birthday of lotus flowers by the people. As early as the Song Dynasty, there was the “Lotus Observation” festival. The lotus stands tall and graceful, integrating the beauty of flowers, leaves, and fragrance, becoming the object of singing by literati and literati throughout history; The classic verses of “Clear water brings forth hibiscus, naturally carved and decorated” and “Endless blue lotus leaves in the sky, reflecting the unique red lotus flowers in the sun” depict the charm and charm of the lotus flowers; The phrase ‘come out of the mud without staining, wash the clear ripples without being evil’ further expresses the lotus flower’s holy and flawless temperament, and is also an ideal personality pursued by people.
Sacrifice to the gods and heaven | 祭神祭天
在古代，夏至节的隆重程度不亚于端午节。从周代开始，每逢夏至日，朝廷都要举行隆重的祭神仪式，以祈求消灾年丰。除了祭祀外，朝廷还用歌舞礼乐的方式，祈祝国泰民安。到了宋代，从夏至这天开始，朝中百官还要放假三天。而辽代时妇女则互赠粉脂囊，用来除去身上的汗渍味。
朝廷对夏至如此重视，民间也不例外。每逢夏至日，各地农民则忙着祭祀神灵，名曰“祭天”，以祈求风调雨顺。这祭天也南北有别，北方人多求雨，以防干旱；南方人多求晴，防止涝灾。时至今日，许多地区仍然保留了夏至日祭天的习俗。
In ancient times, the Summer Solstice Festival was no less grand than the Dragon Boat Festival. Starting from the Zhou Dynasty, on every summer solstice, the court held a grand ceremony of worshipping gods to pray for a prosperous year to alleviate disasters. In addition to offering sacrifices, the court also used songs, dances, rituals, and music to pray for the prosperity of the country and the safety of the people. In the Song Dynasty, starting from the summer solstice, all officials in the court also had three days off. During the Liao Dynasty, women gave each other powder and fat bags to remove the sweat stains on their bodies.
The court attaches great importance to the summer solstice, and the people are no exception. On the summer solstice, farmers from all over the country are busy offering sacrifices to the gods, named “Sacrifice to the Heaven”, in order to pray for favorable weather conditions. There is also a difference between the north and the south in this sacrificial ceremony, as northerners often seek rain to prevent drought; Southern people often seek clear skies to prevent waterlogging. To this day, many regions still retain the custom of offering sacrifices to the heavens on the summer solstice.
中国民间有一句谚语，“冬至饺子夏至面”。意思是说冬至日要吃饺子，而从夏至开始则要改变饮食，以热量低便于制作清凉的食物为主要饮食，面条通常为一般家庭的首选，而面条又是食品中形状最长的一种，寄寓了生命绵长不绝的美好愿望。
There is a folk saying in China, ‘Dumplings on the winter solstice and noodles on the summer solstice’. The meaning is to eat dumplings on the winter solstice, and from the summer solstice onwards, one should change their diet to focus on low calorie foods that are easy to make and cool. Noodles are usually the preferred choice for families, and they are the longest shaped type of food, symbolizing the beautiful wish of a long life.
Discharge lamp | 放荷灯
放荷灯也是夏至的民间风俗。这个习俗主要是表达对逝去亲人的怀念，对活着的人们的祝福。千百盏河灯在夏至夜晚被人们释放到河中，闪闪烁烁就像散落到人间的点点星光，很是令人心醉。
Setting off lotus lanterns is also a folk custom during the summer solstice. This custom mainly expresses the remembrance of loved ones who have passed away and the blessings for the living. Thousands of river lanterns are released into the river by people on the night of the summer solstice, sparkling and shining like scattered starlight on earth, which is very intoxicating.
湘南的衡阳、郴州、永州和湘西吃夏至蛋。夏至日，将整鸡蛋煮熟，剥壳后加红枣煮汤。
Hengyang, Chenzhou, Yongzhou, and Xiangxi in southern Hunan eat summer solstice eggs. On the summer solstice, cook the whole egg, peel it off, and add red dates to make soup.
Summer Solstice Health Preservation
夏至后不久，一年中最热的时候随即到来，人们除了感觉疲乏燥热、心悸气短之外，食欲也会明显下降，原因是暑热会伤害脾胃。在该节气养生应着重健脾养心。中医认为夏至节气进入阳气最旺时节，这一时节的养生保健，要顺应夏季阳盛于外的特点，注意保护阳气；饮食宜清淡，不宜肥甘厚味。
Shortly after the summer solstice, the hottest time of the year arrives. In addition to feeling tired and hot, palpitations, and shortness of breath, people’s appetite will also significantly decrease, because summer heat can harm the spleen and stomach. In this solar term, health preservation should focus on strengthening the spleen and nourishing the heart. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that during the summer solstice, the solar term enters the peak period of Yang Qi. During this period, health and wellness should be in line with the characteristics of the summer when Yang is abundant outside, and attention should be paid to protecting Yang Qi; The diet should be light and not fat, sweet, or rich.
夏至是一年中人体代谢最旺盛的节气，此时人的消化功能相对较弱，因此，饮食宜清淡可口，避免油腻、难消化的食品。早、晚喝点粥，既能生津止渴，又能补养身体，助阳气。在蔬果方面，苹果、葡萄、木瓜、枇杷这类平和的水果适合各种体质的人吃。
夏至除了饮食清淡，还可多吃苦味蔬菜，如苦瓜、香菜等。因苦味食物具有除燥祛湿、清凉解暑、促进食欲等作用。不过，苦味食物均属寒凉，但体质较虚弱者不宜食用。
夏季要神清气和，快乐欢畅，心胸宽阔，精神饱满，如万物生长需要阳光那样，对外界事物要有浓厚的兴趣，培养乐观外向的性格，以利于气机的通泄。起居调养，以顺应自然界阳盛阴衰的变化，宜晚睡早起。顺应阳气的充盛，利于气血运行。此时天气是昼长夜短，中午午休一会儿，对恢复体力消除疲劳有一定好处。
夏至后中午气温高，可用午睡补充夜里的睡眠不足，炎夏的午睡能降低脑溢血和冠心病的发生率。
1.锻炼项目：以散步、慢跑、太极拳、广播操为好。
2.锻炼时间：选择在清晨或傍晚天气较凉爽时，在河湖水边，公园庭院等空气新鲜的地方进行。
3.运动过程中及运动结束后可多饮淡盐开水、绿豆汤，禁大量冷饮，以免胃肠道痉挛。
运动后应稍事休息再用温水洗澡，切忌立即用冷水冲头、淋浴，以免体表扩张的血管骤然收缩损伤心脑血管系统。冷水刺激扩张的毛孔骤然收缩，身体的热量散发不出，也易致中暑。
Pay attention to a light diet and eat “bitter” appropriately
The summer solstice is the solar term with the strongest metabolism in the human body during the year, during which the digestive function is relatively weak. Therefore, the diet should be light and delicious, avoiding greasy and difficult to digest foods. Drinking Congee in the morning and evening can not only produce fluid and quench thirst, but also nourish the body and help Yang Qi. In terms of vegetables and fruits, peaceful fruits such as apples, grapes, papayas, and loquats are suitable for people of various constitutions to eat.
In addition to a light diet, one can also eat more bitter vegetables such as bitter melons and coriander during the summer solstice. Bitter foods have functions such as removing dryness and dampness, cooling and relieving heat, and promoting appetite. However, bitter food is considered cold and cold, but it is not suitable for those with weak physical constitution to consume.
It is advisable to go to bed late and wake up early, and pay attention to taking a nap in the afternoon
In summer, one should have a clear and peaceful mind, be happy and cheerful, have a broad mind, and be full of energy, just like the growth of all things requires sunlight. They should have a strong interest in external things, cultivate an optimistic and outgoing personality, and facilitate the release of qi. Living and recuperating, in order to adapt to the changes in natural yang and yin decline, it is advisable to go to bed late and wake up early. Conforming to the abundance of yang qi is beneficial for the circulation of qi and blood. At this time, the weather is long and short, and taking a nap at noon is beneficial for restoring physical strength and eliminating fatigue.
After the summer solstice, when the temperature is high at noon, taking a nap can supplement the lack of sleep at night. Taking a nap in the scorching summer can reduce the incidence of cerebral hemorrhage and coronary heart disease.
Exercise appropriately and not too vigorously
1. Exercise items: Walking, jogging, Tai Chi, and radio exercises are recommended.
2. Exercise time: Choose to do it in the morning or evening when the weather is cooler, in places with fresh air such as rivers, lakes, parks, and courtyards.
3. Drink more light salt boiled water and Thua khiao tom namtan during and after the exercise. Do not drink a lot of cold drinks to avoid gastrointestinal spasm.
After exercise, one should rest for a while and then take a warm bath. It is important not to immediately use cold water to flush or shower, in order to avoid sudden contraction of dilated blood vessels on the body surface and damage to the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems. Cold water stimulates the sudden contraction of dilated pores, preventing the body from releasing heat and leading to heatstroke.
杨柳青青江水平，闻郎岸上踏歌声。
东边日出西边雨，道是无晴却有晴。
夏九九歌
一九至二九，扇子不离手；三九二十七，冰水甜如蜜；
四九三十六，汗湿衣服透；五九四十五，树头清风舞；
六九五十四，乘凉莫太迟；七九六十三，夜眠要盖单；
八九七十二，当心莫受寒；九九八十一，家家找棉衣。
《Zhuzhi Ci》, Tang Dynasty, Liu Yuxi
The willows and green rivers are level, and the sound of singing on the shore is heard.
The sun rises in the east and the rain in the west, but there is some sunshine in the way.
Xia Jiujiuge
From 19 to 29, the fan remains in hand; Thirty nine twenty-seven, ice water is as sweet as honey;
4936, sweaty clothes soaked through; Fifty nine forty five, the tree head dances with a gentle breeze;
6954, it’s never too late to enjoy the cool; Seven, nine, sixty-three, sleep at night with a single sheet;
Be careful not to suffer from the cold; Ninety nine eighty-one, every family is looking for cotton clothes.
今日夏至
夏日悠长，清莲生香
愿你向阳而立，所有美好如约而至
Today’s Summer Solstice
Summer is long, with clear lotus flowers giving off fragrance
May you stand towards the sun, and all goodness come as promised
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