儿童从出生到6岁期间的学习为之后的人生奠定了基础。此时大脑可塑性强，儿童早期大脑神经突触开始快速连接和发展，大脑健康发育的这些年一旦过了就不会再回来。蒙特梭利教学法为活跃的大脑准备合适的环境，满足0-6岁的儿童学习和发展的各种需要。
1.蒙特梭利教学法强调尊重孩子，保护孩子的尊严。
2.蒙特梭利教孩子们如何去学习而不是只教他们学东西。
3.孩子们学会如何当领导者或倡导者。
4.孩子们按自己的步伐去学习。
5.孩子们是自主的学习者。
1.蒙特梭利教学法强调尊重孩子，保护孩子的尊严。
孩子们应当而且也需要被我们用对待成人一样的方式去尊重。老师强调尝试去做事情是学习过程的一部分，而不是批评孩子“失败”。错误会变成学习的机会而不是需要去更正的。当孩子犯错而我们也知情时，给孩子的评论要中肯，然后和孩子一起合作找出解决办法。犯错误为掌握所学、获得自我控制和有效率的工作提供锻炼的机会。
2.蒙特梭利教孩子们如何去学习而不是只教他们学东西。
孩子们自然地学习，他们天生爱探索，爱寻找挑战，练习技能直到掌握。当我们让孩子们跟着自己的兴趣走，他们能认识自己认识世界。他们开始了解自己的长处和需要提供的地方。他们通过做自己感兴趣的事而培养出来的专注力让他们能够去学很多东西而且也会变成有自信的学习者。
3.孩子们学会如何当领导者或倡导者。
蒙特梭利教室里的孩子是混龄的。年龄大一点的孩子能帮忙引导年龄小一点的。他们通过向年龄小一点的孩子展示出他们所知道的来巩固他们的学习。同时，我们给予孩子自己做选择的权利。这样能帮助他们明白自己喜欢做什么，对他们来说什么是重要的。一旦这样的权利变成他们日常工作的正常一部分，他们就会变得敢于表达，不懈追求自己的学习目标。
4.孩子们按自己的步伐去学习。
在传统课堂里，孩子们按着同样的步伐去学习。在蒙特梭利课堂里，每个孩子都学习着自己目前感兴趣的概念和技能 。孩子每天自己选择喜欢的工作，老师确保总体上孩子能学习到各个区域的知识。在3-6岁这个关键年龄段，孩子们是要去享受在学校以及学习过程中获得的乐趣，而非被迫觉得学习是一种负担，是一件苦差事。
5.孩子们是自主的学习者。
随着孩子在学校里一路进步，长大成人，懂得独立思考的学生通常会是在人生中获得最大成功和满足的人。蒙特梭利教学方法培养孩子的内在动力，允许孩子按自己兴趣去探索。这种能去探索、去选择自己所感兴趣领域的自由也给了孩子们意愿去探索那些在传统教学中看上去无趣的领域。
Learning in the first six years sets the stage for learning for the rest of a child’s life. The brain is so malleable and neural networks are being laid down in the child’s first years, and they do not get these years back for their healthy brain development. Montessori education for children birth to six years incorporates the needs of all children to learn a variety of skills when their brains are wired to acquire knowledge.
1. Children are treated with respect and dignity.
2. Montessori teaches kids how to learn instead of just what to learn.
3. Children are empowered to be leaders and to be advocates.
4. Children learn at their own rate.
5. Children are self-directed learners.
1. Children are treated with respect and dignity.
Children deserve and need to be treated with the same respect that we accord adults. Rather than criticize “failure,” the teachers emphasize attempts to do something as part of the process of learning. Errors become opportunities to learn rather than mistakes that need to be fixed. When children make errors, we notice them, comment neutrally on them, and then partner with the child to find a solution to the problem. Errors are opportunities to work towards mastery and to gain self-control and self-efficacy.
2. Montessori teaches how to learn instead of just what to learn.
Children learn naturally, they are innately driven to explore, to seek out challenges, to practice skills until they reach mastery. When we allow children to follow their interests, they learn about themselves and their world. They come to know their strengths and how they are challenged. The focus that comes from doing what interests them will allow them to learn many things and become confident learners.
3. Our children are empowered to be leaders and to be advocates.
Older children and younger children are mixed together in Montessori classrooms. Older children help guide younger children. They are able to consolidate their learning by showing younger children what they know. At the same time, we give children the power to make their own choices. This helps them to figure out what they like to do and what is important to them. Once this empowerment becomes a normal part of their routine, they become outspoken and engaged in their own learning process.
4. Children learn at their own rate.
In a traditional classroom, children learn the same things at the same pace. In the Montessori classroom, each child works on the concepts and skills currently of interest to them. The staff makes sure they are on track over larger periods of time but on a daily basis the interests of the child drives their education. At the key ages of 3-6, children learn to enjoy school and the process of learning rather than being forced to feel that work is a burden or a chore.
5. Children are self-directed learners.
As children progress in school and into adulthood, the students who know how to think independently are often the ones who have the greatest success and satisfaction in life. The Montessori method nurtures inner motivation and allows for the exploration of a child’s own interests. The freedom to explore and to choose areas of interest creates a willingness to explore areas that may not otherwise appeal to a child being forced to learn information in a traditional setting.
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文章转载自微信公众号：厦门阳光灿烂幼儿园
文章转载自公众号：厦门阳光灿烂幼儿园
